9 years ago
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Nanoparticle trapped with laser light temporarily violates the second law of thermodynamics
Objects with sizes in the nanometer range, such as the molecular building blocks of living cells or nanotechnological devices, are continuously exposed to random collisions with surrounding molecules. In such fluctuating environments the fundamental laws of thermodynamics that govern our macroscopic ...
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- Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington, The Nature of the Physical World (1915), chapter 4